Medical Pharmacology Practice Quesions: Autonomic Pharmacology and the Cardiovascular System

Cardiovascular characteristics of patients who might benefit from IV dopamine (Intropin) administration:
1. low systemic blood pressure
2. decreased atrial filling pressures
3. high urinary output
Simultaneous increases in myocardial contractility, glomerular filtration rate, sodium excretion, urine output, and renal blood flow are associated most likely with:
1. epinephrine
2. isoproterenol (Isuprel)
3. phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)
4. dopamine (Intropin)
5. norepinephrine (Levophed)
IV dopamine (Intropin) properties:
1. promotes renal tubule or solid reabsorption
2. reduces sodium excretion
3. causes reduced ventilatory response to arterial hypoxemia
4. decreases myocardial contractility
5. increases atrial filling pressures
Therapeutic uses for isoproterenol (Isuprel):
1. management of heart block
2. management of severe bradycardia
3. management Torsades de pointes (a ventricular arrhythmia)
4. all of the above
5. none of the above; no therapeutic uses for isoproterenol (Isuprel)
Properties of dobutamine (Dobutrex):
1. positive inotropic agent; causes significant increase in heart rate
2. promotes catecholamine release
3. mainly acts through dopamine receptors
4. positive inotropic effect is mediated through beta-adrenergic receptor activation
5. appropriate for long-term management of myocardial pump-failure following surgery
Examples of beta-2 selective adrenergic agonists
1. metaproterenol (Alupent)
2. terbutaline (Brethine)
3. albuterol (Ventolin,Proventil)
4. A & B
5. A, B & C
Adverse effects associated with beta2 adrenergic receptor agonists:
1. excessive cardiovascular stimulation
2. skeletal muscle tremor
3. over usage of these drugs may predisposed to morbidity immortality in asthmatics
4. A & C
5. A, B & C
Alpha-1-selective adrenergic agonists: properties of
1. phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) is an example of the indirect-acting vasoconstrictor
2. metaraminol (Aramine) acts by direct and indirect mechanisms
3. methoxamine (Vasoxyl) is an indirect acting vasoconstrictor
4. alpha1-receptor activation decreases calcium influx
5. all of the above
Clinical use(s) of alpha-1-receptor agonists:
1. management hypotensive states
2. termination of paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
3. nasal decongestant
4. A & B
5. A,B & C
Primary use for alpha-2-selective adrenergic agonists:
1. to manage hypotensive states
2. to increase myocardial contractility
3. to reduce blood pressure
4. A & B
5. A,B & C