Multiple choice questions on drugs used in treating hypertension are presented.

Promotes hyperosmolar diuresis; acts in the distal tubule to decrease sodium absorption; promotes calcium reabsorption
1. mannitol (Osmitrol)
2. furosemide (Lasix)
3. chlorothiazide (Diuril)
4. triamterene (Dyrenium)
5. acetazolamide (Diamox)
Adverse effect(s) associated with thiazide diuretic use:
1. gout
2. potassium depletion
3. both
4. neither
Example(s) of "high-ceiling" diuretic(s):
1. triamterene (Dyrenium)
2. spironolactone (Aldactone)
3. bumetanide (Bumex)
4. amiloride (Midamor)
5. chlorothiazide (Diuril)
Adverse effect(s) associated with loop diuretics:
1. potassium depletion
2. ototoxicity
3. gout
4. A & C
5. A, B & C
Clinical use(s) of clonidine:
1. analgesic
2. antihypertensive
3. both
4. neither
Neuraxial use of clonidine: -- mechanism of analgesia
1. interaction with the opioid u receptor
2. activation of postsynaptic alpha2 receptors in the spinal cord substantia gelatinosa
3. both
4. neither
Side effects associated with clonidine use as an epidural/subarachnoid space analgesic:
1. nausea
2. vomiting
3. delayed gastric emptying
4. pruritus
5. none of the above
Use of preanesthetic clonidine (Catapres):
1. reduces intraoperative blood-pressure and heart rate lability
2. increases anesthetic requirements for inhaled and injected agents
3. increases likelihood of reflex tachycardia caused by direct laryngoscopy for tracheal intubation
4. increases circulating plasma epinephrine levels
5. none of the above
Antihypertensive drug effect inhibited by imipramine (Tofranil) or cocaine:
1. metoprolol (Lopressor)
2. propranolol (Inderal)
3. guanethidine (Ismelin)
4. verapamil (Isoptin, Calan)
5. triamterene (Dyrenium)
Adrenergic antagonist but with intrinsic sympathomimetic effect at beta2 adrenergic receptors:
1. metoprolol (Lopressor)
2. esmolol (Brevibloc)
3. timolol (Blocadren)
4. labetalol (Trandate, Normodyne)
5. physostigmine (Antilirium)
Adverse effects associated with labetalol:
1. orthostatic hypotension
2. urinary retention
3. bronchospasm
4. paresthesias
5. all of the above
Cardiovascular effects of chronic prazosin administration:
1. causes reflex mediated tachycardia
2. causes an increase in plasma renin
3. higher affinity for venular alpha receptors compared to arteriolar alpha receptors
4. impairs renal blood flow
5. no effect on plasma lipids
Adverse effects associated with prazosin:
1. initial-dose marked orthostatic hypotension
2. dry mouth
3. sexual dysfunction
4. A & C
5. A, B & C
Combination of prazosin (Minipress) and beta-blocker administration may result in a potentially nearly refractory hypotension during regional anesthesia:
1. true
2. false