Adrenergics: Question Set #5

Anesthesia Pharmacology Chapter 6: Autonomic (ANS) Pharmacology Practice Questions

Epinephrine:
1. limited effect on alpha receptors
2. increases heart rate, contributing to increase blood pressure
3. epinephrine often reduces peripheral vascular resistance, especially at high concentration
4. epinephrine tends to exhibit negative inotropic effects
5. all of the above
Vasoconstrictive effects of epinephrine:
1. alpha-1 adrenergic receptor-mediated affecting precapillary resistance vessels of the skin, kidney, and mucosa
2. veins
3. both
4. neither
Rapid administration of epinephrine, with resulting significant systolic pressure elevation will cause this effect on heart rate:
1. increase, due to direct beta1 receptor activation
2. decrease in heart rate
A decrease in diastolic pressures associated with epinephrine administration would most likely occur in which dosage?
1. relatively high doses
2. relatively low doses
Renal effects relatively low epinephrine dose.
1. limited effect
2. beta1 adrenergic receptor activation decreases renin release
3. significant reduction in renal blood flow
4. significant increase in renal blood flow; mechanism similar to that exhibited by low-dose dopamine
Most probable BP effect of epinephrine, if epinephrine is administered after an alpha-receptor antagonist:
1. previous administration of the alpha-receptor antagonist will not influence the blood-pressure response to epinephrine
2. increased blood-pressure response to epinephrine
3. decreased blood-pressure response to epinephrine
Prominent cardiac beta-adrenergic receptor type:
1. beta-1
2. beta-2
3. beta-3
Cardiac effects associated with epinephrine:
1. positive chronotropic
2. positive inotropic
3. increased cardiac output
4. increased oxygen consumption
5. all of the above
Significant respiratory tract effects of epinephrine:
1. beta-2 receptor mediated bronchoconstriction
2. alpha-1 receptor-mediated bronchodilation
3. beta-1 receptor-mediated bronchodilation
4. beta-2 receptor-mediated bronchodilation
Examples of epinephrine metabolic effects
1. insulin secretion reduced by beta2 adrenergic receptor activation
2. glucagon secretion: diminished by beta adrenergic receptor activation
3. free fatty acids: increased
4. minimal calorigenic effect
5. glycolysis inhibition
Toxicities/adverse reactions associated with sympathomimetics
1. angina
2. hypertension; cerebral hemorrhage
3. cardiac arrhythmias
4. anxiety reactions
5. all the above
Drugs antagonize epinephrine pressor effects:
1. phentolamine (Regitine)
2. terbutaline (Brethine)
3. dopamine (Intropin)
4. dobutamine (Dobutrex)
5. atropine
Epinephrine effects on AV nodall conduction:
1. increased conduction velocity
2. decreased conduction velocity
3. promotes AV block
Ventricular effects associated with epinephrine administration:
1. increased automaticity
2. increased ectopic pacemaker activity
3. increased conduction philosophy
4. increased contractility
5. all the above