Autonomic Introduction Practice Exam

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Probably the neurotransmitter in sensory afferents
1. acetylcholine
2. bradykinin
3. substance P
4. glycine
5. norepinephrine
Autonomic: Sympathetic
1. craniosacral
2. thoracolumbar
Preganglionic fibers terminating on adrenal medullary chromaffin cells release:
1. norepinephrine
2. epinephrine
3. acetylcholine
4. dopamine
5. substance P
Primary receptor type at autonomic ganglia:
1. adrenergic: beta 1
2. adrenergic: beta 2
3. cholinergic: muscarinic
4. cholinergic: nicotinic
5. dopaminergic: D. 1
Vesicular protein important in docking with the presynaptic membrane:
1. neurexin
2. syntaxin
3. saxitonin
4. synaptobrevin
Rate-limiting step in acetylcholine synthesis:
1. choline acetyltransferase activity
2. vesicular protein synthesis
3. choline uptake
4. acetylcholinesterase activity
5. availability of acetate
Inhibits choline transport into cholinergic vesicles
1. bretylium
2. vesamicol
3. reserpine
4. atropine
Influx of this ion promotes fusion between axoplasmic membrane and nearby vesicles.
1. sodium
2. potassium
3. calcium
4. chloride
Clostridium toxins:
1. inhibit acetylcholinesterase
2. prevent reuptake of choline
3. inhibit vesicular acetylcholine release
4. prevent calcium influx
Denervation supersensitivity in skeletal muscle is mainly due to:
1. increase in receptor affinity
2. no increase in the receptor number
3. proliferation of receptors
4. increase in G.-protein coupling efficiency
5. increase in acetylcholine release
Enzyme responsible for acetylcholine synthesis:
1. acetylcholinesterase
2. choline acetyltransferase
Cholinergic receptor type that mediates the decrease in heart rate by activating potassium channels:
1. M1-- muscarinic
2. M2-muscarinic
3. M3-muscarinic
4. nicotinic
Effect of atropine on the heart:
1. increased rate
2. decreased rate
Essential cofactor for the enzyme dopamine beta-hydroxylase:
1. pyridoxyl phosphate
2. ascorbate
3. tetrahydrobiopterin
4. glycine
Phosphorylation of this enzyme is most likely to have an effect on catecholamine biosynthesis:
1. phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
2. dopamine beta-hydroxylase
3. tyrosine hydroxylase
4. dopa decarboxylase