Antihypertensive question set 9

Anesthesia Pharmacology Chapter 8: Antihypertensive Drug Practice Questions

Choose the correct answer(s) for each question.

Diuretic class/classes commonly used in management of chronic hypertension
1. loop diuretics
2. potassium-sparing diuretics
3. thiazide diuretics
4. osmotic diuretics
Long-term antihypertensive effects of thiazides appear due to reduce vascular resistance
1. true
2. false
Potassium-sparing diuretic competitive antagonist of mineralocorticoid receptors.
1. triamterene (Dyrenium)
2. spironolactone (Aldactone)
3. amiloride (Midamor)
4. bumetanide (Bumex)
Centrally-acting sympatholytic agent/agents (alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonists)
1. guanfacine (Tenex)
2. clonidine (Catapres)
3. guanabenz (Wytensin)
4. methyldopa (Aldomet)
5. all the above
Side effect/effects: centrally acting sympatholytics --
1. sedation
2. excessive oral secretion
3. withdrawal syndrome upon sudden discontinuation of drug
4. all of the above
Ganglionic blocker:
1. methyldopa (Aldomet)
2. trimethaphan
3. lisinopril (Prinvivil, Zestril)
4. labetalol (Trandate, Normodyne)
5. atenolol (Tenormin)
Adverse effect/effects of autonomic ganglia blockade:
1. bladder dysfunction
2. blurred vision
3. paralytic ileus
4. xerostromia
Adrenergic nerve blocker/blockers that act by replacing norepinephrine (Levophed) by an inactive transmitter
1. reserpine (Serpasil)
2. guanethidine (Ismelin)
3. guanadrel (Hylorel)
Nonselective beta adrenergic receptor blocker:
1. acebutolol (Sectral)
2. metoprolol (Lopressor)
3. propranolol (Inderal)
4. atenolol (Tenormin)
Possesses intrinsic sympathomimetic properties:
1. metoprolol (Lopressor)
2. acebutolol (Sectral)
3. pindolol (Visken)
4. timolol (Blocadren)
5. propranolol (Inderal)
Beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists:
1. reduce renin levels
2. reduce angiotensin II levels
3. both
4. neither
Cardioprotective:
1. metoprolol (Lopressor)
2. propranolol (Inderal)
3. timolol (Blocadren)
Selective antagonists of alpha-1 adrenergic receptors:
1. terazosin (Hytrin)
2. doxazosin (Cardura)
3. terazosin (Hytrin)
Vasodilators used for chronic antihypertensive treatment
1. hydralazine (Apresoline)
2. nitroprusside sodium (Nipride)
3. minoxidil (Loniten)
Relatively greater effect on arterioles compared to venules:
1. hydralazine (Apresoline)
2. minoxidil (Loniten)
Minoxidil (Loniten): cardiovascular effects/effects
1. increased heart rate
2. decreased plasma renin
3. increased water retention
4. decreased sodium retention
Direct acting, nonselective peripheral vasodilator that is 44% cyanide by weight
1. hydralazine (Apresoline)
2. nitroprusside sodium (Nipride)
3. minoxidil (Loniten)
4. nitric oxide
Nitroprusside sodium (Nipride): surgical indications
1. aortic surgery
2. cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass
3. pheochromocytoma resection
More commonly used for management of hypertensive crisis:
1. diazoxide (Hyperstat)
2. nitroprusside sodium (Nipride)
3. chlorthalidone (Hygroton)
4. mannitol (Osmitrol)
In anesthetized patients with preexisting left ventricular function: verapamil (Isoptin, Calan) effects/effects:
1. myocardial depression
2. reduced cardiac output
3. both
4. neither