Antihypertensives: Question Set #2

Factors that may cause systolic hypertension with wide pulse pressure:
1. increased stroke volume
2. decreased aortic compliance
3. both
4. neither
Conditions that increase stroke volume:
1. fever
2. aortic regurgitation
3. thyrotoxicosis
4. all of the above
Neurogenic hypertension:
1. pheochromocytoma
2. aortic coarctation
3. familial dysautonomia
4. chronic pyelonephritis
Causes of hypertension:
1. Cushing's disease
2. oral contraceptives
3. acromegaly
4. polycystic kidney disease
5. all of the above
Hypertension of unknown etiology:
1. essential hypertension
2. toxemia of pregnancy
3. acute intermittent porphyria
4. A & C
5. A, B &C
Hemodynamic change(s) that may reduce arterial blood-pressure:
1. increased preload
2. increased afterload
3. decreased heart rate
4. increase contractility
5. increased peripheral resistance
Starling's Law and related matters:
1. As blood volume returning to the hard increases,ventricular dilation is reduced
2. Generally, increase preloaded an increase contractility lead to decreased stroke volume
3. According to Starling's Law, increased ventricular stretch usually leads to increased myocardial contractility
4. all of the above are true
Cardiac output = heart rate X stroke volume
1. true
2. false
Arterial Pressure = cardiac output X heart rate
1. true
2. false
Initiators of baroreceptor reflexes:
1. peripheral chemoreceptors
2. capillary pressure receptors
3. stretch receptors located in the wall of large chest and neck arteries
4. all of the above