Question # 1 (Multiple Answer) Vasodilators that may mediate local myocardial control of coronary vascular tone

A) adenosine
B) bradykinin
C) prostaglandins
D) potassium ions
E) hydrogen ions

Question # 2 (Multiple Choice) Amino acid precursor for nitric oxide:

A) methionine
B) arginine
C) aspartate
D) phenylalanine
E) dopamine

Question # 3 (Multiple Choice) Calcium channel blockers: inotropic effects --

A) increased inotropism
B) decreased inotropism

Question # 4 (Multiple Choice) Angina associated with coronary vasospasm:

A) exertional angina
B) Prinzmetal's angina (variant)

Question # 5 (Multiple Answer) Homeostatic activities of nitric oxide:

A) cardiovascular tone
B) gastrointestinal smooth muscle relaxation
C) immune regulation
D) platelet regulation
E) CNS signaling

Question # 6 (Multiple Answer) Associated with predominantly cardiac effects:

A) amlodipine (Norvasc)
B) diltiazem (Cardiazem)
C) nifedipine (Procardia, Adalat)
D) verapamil (Isoptin, Calan)

Question # 7 (Multiple Answer) Increased myocardial oxygen requirements:

A) increased myocardial wall tension
B) decreased contractile state
C) increased heart rate

Question # 8 (Multiple Answer) Mechanism(s) explaining calcium channel blocker effectiveness in managing exertional angina:

A) decreased contractility
B) decreased afterload
C) decreased preload
D) increased coronary blood flow

Question # 9 (Multiple Choice) More likely to influence myocardial contractility:

A) diltiazem (Cardiazem)
B) nifedipine (Procardia, Adalat)

Question # 10 (Multiple Choice) More likely to have an effect on AV nodal conduction:

A) diltiazem (Cardiazem)
B) amlodipine (Norvasc)

Question # 11 (Multiple Answer) Commonly use nitrates for management of classical angina:

A) sublingual nitroglycerin
B) transdermal nitroglycerin
C) isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil, Sorbitrate)
D) isosorbide-5-mononitrate

Question # 12 (Multiple Answer) Effective antianginal drug(s):

A) propranolol (Inderal)
B) timolol (Blocadren)
C) esmolol (Brevibloc)
D) metoprolol (Lopressor)
E) atenolol (Tenormin)

Question # 13 (Multiple Answer) Associate with predominately vascular effects:

A) amlodipine (Norvasc)
B) verapamil (Isoptin, Calan)
C) nicardipine (Cardene)
D) diltiazem (Cardiazem)

Question # 14 (Multiple Choice) Beta adrenergic receptor blockers are beneficial in managing angina because they:

A) reduced angina frequency
B) reduced severity of exertional angina attacks
C) both
D) neither

Question # 15 (True/False) Major mistake: administration of verapamil (IV) to patient with ventricular tachycardia which was missed diagnosed as supraventricular arrhythmia:

A) true
B) false

Question # 16 (Multiple Answer) Pharmacological actions associated with calcium channel blockers that tend to diminish angina:

A) decreased afterload
B) increased heart rate
C) decreased myocardial wall tension
D) decreased preload

Question # 17 (Multiple Choice) Relatively little effects on myocardial contractility compared to verapamil:

A) amlodipine (Norvasc)
B) felodipine (Plendil)
C) both
D) neither

Question # 18 (Multiple Answer) Nitrates: smooth muscle relaxation -- noncardiac sites:

A) Sphincter of Oddi
B) biliary duct
C) bronchioles
D) esophageal
E) uterine smooth muscle

Question # 19 (Multiple Answer) Mechanism(s) responsible for antianginal effects of beta-blockers:

A) increased heart rate
B) decreased contractility
C) decreased blood pressure during exercise

Question # 20 (Multiple Choice) Cardioselective beta-blocker:

A) propranolol (Inderal)
B) metoprolol (Lopressor)
C) both
D) neither

Question # 21 (Multiple Answer) Causes of myocardial ischemia:

A) coronary vessel atherosclerosis
B) arterial thrombi
C) reduced preload
D) coronary vasospasm
E) decreased afterload

Question # 22 (Multiple Choice) Nitric oxide half-life:

A) less than five seconds
B) about a minute
C) ten minutes
D) an hour
E) longer than one-hour

Question # 23 (Multiple Answer) Physiological effects of low-dose nitrates:

A) increased end-diastolic right ventricular pressure
B) decreased left ventricular chamber size
C) arteriolar dilation

Question # 24 (True/False) Verapamil (Isoptin, Calan)-- major use other than for management of angina: treating reentrant super ventricular tachycardia

A) true
B) false

Question # 25 (Multiple Answer) Pharmacological interventions for management of angina:

A) nitrates
B) beta- agonists
C) calcium channel blockers
D) antimuscarinics

Question # 26 (Multiple Choice) Control of coronary blood flow involves:

A) local metabolism
B) nervous system regulation
C) both
D) neither

Question # 27 (Multiple Answer) May cause worsening of myocardial ischemia:

A) amlodipine (Norvasc)
B) nimodipine (Nimotop)
C) nifedipine (Procardia, Adalat)
D) nicardipine (Cardene)
E) felodipine (Plendil)

Question # 28 (Multiple Choice) More appropriate for treating variant angina:

A) propranolol (Inderal)
B) diltiazem (Cardiazem)

Question # 29 (Multiple Answer) Examples of beta adrenergic receptor blockers used in management of chronic, classical angina:

A) propranolol (Inderal)
B) isoproterenol (Isuprel)
C) nadolol (Corgard)
D) atenolol (Tenormin)
E) doxepin (Sinequan)

Question # 30 (Multiple Answer) Side effects associated with calcium channel blockade:

A) hypertension
B) dizziness
C) flushing
D) nausea