Medical Pharmacology Chapter 5: Pharmacology of Adrenergic Drugs

Epinephrine and vascular effect(s):
1. Epinephrine mainly acts on smaller arterioles and precapillary sphincters.
2. Veins and large arteries are unresponsive to epinephrine although they do respond to nitric oxide.
3. Both
4. Neither
Vascular effect(s) of epinephrine:
1. Injected epinephrine decreases cutaneous blood flow.
2. Injected epinephrine constricts both small venules and precapillary vessels.
3. Both
4. Neither
Epinephrine doses that exert limited effects on mean arterial pressure can decrease renal vascular resistance thus reducing renal blood flow.
1. True
2. False
Concerning epinephrine effects on renal blood flow at doses of epinephrine which induce limited changes in mean arterial pressure:
1. All segments of the renal vascular bed are involved in the observed increase in renal resistance to blood flow.
2. Associated with this effect of increasing renal vascular resistance, excretion of Na⁺, K⁺ and Cl^- is reduced.
3. Both
4. Neither
At epinephrine doses that increased renal vascular resistance while having limited effects on mean arterial pressure renin secretion is increased.
1. True
2. False
Epinephrine administration tends to increase arterial and venous pulmonary pressures.
1. True
2. False
Factor(s) responsible for elevated pulmonary pressures due to epinephrine:
1. Direct pulmonary vasoconstriction
2. Redistribution of blood from the systemic circulation as a result of systemic vasoconstriction to the pulmonary circulation.
3. Both
4. Neither
Administration of high epinephrine concentrations may induce pulmonary edema secondary to high pulmonary capillary filtration pressure as well as possible effects on capillaries.
1. True
2. False
Usually, under physiological circumstances, coronary blood flow:
1. Increased by epinephrine
2. Increased by cardiac sympathetic stimulation
3. Both
4. Neither
Factor(s) associated with elevated coronary blood flow due to epinephrine administration:
1. Increase in relative diastolic duration at higher heart rates
2. Increase in blood flow during diastole as a result of elevation in aortic blood pressure, thus increasing the pressure gradient favoring coronary blood flow.
3. Both
4. Neither