Question # 1 (True/False) Increased preload usually leads to increased contractility:

A) true
B) false

Question # 2 (True/False) Heart rate X Stroke Volume = cardiac output

A) true
B) false

Question # 3 (Multiple Choice) Effect of concurrent administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents on antihypertensive properties of beta-blockers:

A) enhanced antihypertensive effect
B) diminished antihypertensive effect
C) no effect

Question # 4 (Multiple Answer) Major classes of diuretics used in hypertension management:

A) loop diuretics
B) osmotic diuretics
C) potassium sparing diuretics
D) thiazides
E) carbonic anhydrase inhibitor's

Question # 5 (Multiple Answer) Possible antihypertensive effects:

A) increased peripheral resistance
B) decreased afterload
C) increased preload
D) decrease contractility
E) all of the above

Question # 6 (Multiple Answer) Examples of selective beta1 adrenergic receptor blockers:

A) propranolol (Inderal)
B) metoprolol (Lopressor)
C) atenolol (Tenormin)
D) acebutalol
E) albuterol (Ventolin,Proventil)

Question # 7 (Multiple Answer) Administration of anesthesia to patients treated with antihypertensive drugs

A) increased likelihood of orthostatic hypotension
B) reduced systemic blood-pressure responses to acute blood loss
C) reduced systemic blood-pressure responses to body position changes
D) altered physiological response to sympathomimetic drugs

Question # 8 (Multiple Choice) Effect on renin levels of beta adrenergic receptor blockers:

A) increased
B) decreased

Question # 9 (Multiple Answer) Neurogenic causes of systolic and diastolic hypertension:

A) polyneuritis
B) elevated intracranial pressure
C) familial dysautonomia
D) polyarteritis nodosa
E) pheochromocytoma

Question # 10 (Multiple Answer) Hypertension of unknown etiology-- causes:

A) toxemia of pregnancy
B) acute intermittent porphyria
C) essential hypertension

Question # 11 (Multiple Answer) Antihypertensive drugs classified as "adrenergic neuron blockers":

A) clonidine (Catapres)
B) guanethidine (Ismelin)
C) guanadrel (Hylorel) and
D) reserpine
E) guanabenz (Wytensin)

Question # 12 (Multiple Answer) Selective blockers of alpha1 adrenergic receptors:

A) propranolol (Inderal)
B) phentolamine (Regitine)
C) prazosin (Minipress)
D) atropine
E) neostigmine (Prostigmin)

Question # 13 (True/False) Cardiac Output X Peripheral Resistance = Arterial Pressure

A) true
B) false

Question # 14 (Multiple Choice) Heart block with intermittent conduction; increasingly prolonged PR interval; QRS < 0.12 seconds; QRS dropped in a repeating pattern

A) first degree heart block
B) second-degree heart block -- Mobitz type I
C) second-degree heart block-Mobitz type II
D) third degree heart block

Question # 15 (Multiple Answer) Side effects associated with ganglionic blocking drugs:

A) bladder dysfunction
B) xerostromia
C) paralytic ileus
D) blurred vision

Question # 16 (Multiple Answer) Endocrine causes of systolic and diastolic hypertension:

A) polyneuritis
B) hypercalcemia
C) primary hyperaldosteronism
D) acromegaly
E) myxedema

Question # 17 (Multiple Choice) Principal thiazide site of action:

A) late distal tubule and collecting duct
B) distal convoluted tubule
C) loop of Henle

Question # 18 (Multiple Answer) Clinical conditions that increase stroke volume and which may cause systolic hypertension:

A) thyrotoxicosis
B) fever
C) aortic regurgitation

Question # 19 (Multiple Choice) Ganglionic blockers might be used in this condition because they reduce arterial blood pressure and the upslope of the aortic pressure wave:

A) renal vascular stenosis
B) polyarteritis nodosa
C) dissecting aortic aneurysm
D) intermittent claudication
E) coronary insufficiency

Question # 20 (Multiple Answer) Adverse effects of guanethidine (Ismelin) and guanadrel (Hylorel):

A) symptomatic hypertension
B) sexual dysfunction in males
C) diarrhea

Question # 21 (Multiple Answer) Intrinsic sympathomimetic activity:

A) metoprolol (Lopressor)
B) pindolol (Visken)
C) acebutolol (Sectral)
D) propranolol (Inderal)

Question # 22 (Multiple Answer) Maintenance of antihypertensive drug treatment during the perioperative period

A) Previously effective antihypertensive drug therapy should be continued during the perioperative phase
B) The pharmacology of the particular antihypertensive drug should be considered in the development of the anesthesia plan

Question # 23 (Multiple Answer) More likely to cause bronchospasm and mask hypoglycemia:

A) metoprolol (Lopressor)
B) atenolol (Tenormin)
C) timolol (Blocadren)
D) pindolol (Visken)

Question # 24 (Multiple Answer) Concerning the baroreflex:

A) baroreceptor input goes to the tractus solitarius of medulla
B) excitation of the vagal centers is induced
C) negative inotropism results
D) positive chronotropism occurs

Question # 25 (Multiple Choice) Glucose intolerance and long-term antihypertensive beta-blocker treatment--

A) more likely to develop
B) less likely to develop
C) unrelated

Question # 26 (Multiple Answer) Adverse effects associated with beta-adrenergic receptor blockers:

A) bradycardia
B) bronchospasm
C) masking of hypoglycemia
D) impotence
E) sedation

Question # 27 (Multiple Answer) Centrally-acting sympatholytics:

A) nitroprusside sodium (Nipride)
B) guanabenz (Wytensin)
C) clonidine (Catapres)
D) methyldopa (Aldomet)
E) guanethidine (Ismelin)

Question # 28 (Multiple Choice) Effect on angiotensin II levels of beta adrenergic receptor blockers:

A) increased
B) decreased

Question # 29 (Multiple Answer) Thiazide diuretics:

A) The initial blood-pressure reduction is due to a decrease in cardiac output and extracellular volume
B) Long-term hypertensive effects of thiazides is due to reduced myocardial contractility
C) Site of action -- ascending loop of Henle
D) are potassium-sparing

Question # 30 (Multiple Choice) Cardioselective beta-blockers bind to this receptor subtype:

A) beta1
B) beta2

Question # 31 (Multiple Choice) Effect(s) of beta adrenergic blockers on blood lipids:

A) decreased blood triglyceride levels
B) increased levels of HDL cholesterol
C) both
D) neither