Anesthesia Pharmcology Practice Questions: Antihypertensive Drugs

Total peripheral resistance (TPR) is a determining factor for mean arterial pressure, i.e. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) = cardiac output x total peripheral resistance (TPR). What are correct relationships between norepinephrine, minoxidil, and lisinopril and TPR?
1. minoxidil (Loniten): TPR increases
2. fosinopril (Monopril): TPR increases
3. norepinephrine (Levophed): TPR increases
4. phenoxybenzamine (Dibenzyline): TPR increases
Minoxidil (Loniten) administration produces arteriolar vasodilation with little effect on capacitance vessels. Drug(s) acting similarly:
1. nitroprusside sodium (Nipride)
2. propranolol (Inderal)
3. hydralazine (Apresoline)
4. A & C
Ganglionic blocker
1. prazosin (Minipress)
2. hydralazine (Apresoline)
3. mecamylamine (Inversine)
4. nicardipine (Cardene)
Tachycardia observed after minoxidil (Loniten) may be blocked by:
1. mecamylamine (Inversine)
2. propranolol (Inderal)
3. both
4. neither
ACE inhibitor
1. nifedipine (Procardia, Adalat)
2. captopril (Capoten)
3. timolol (Blocadren)
4. methyldopa (Aldomet)
Blocks both alpha and beta receptors:
1. timolol (Blocadren)
2. labetalol (Trandate, Normodyne)
3. propranolol (Inderal)
4. diazoxide (Hyperstat)
Hypertensive emergencies:
1. diltiazem (Cardiazem)
2. nitroprusside sodium (Nipride)
3. reserpine
4. phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)
Side effects of this antihypertensive agent includes tachycardia, angina, reversible lupus-like syndrome
1. propranolol (Inderal)
2. mecamylamine (Inversine)
3. hydralazine (Apresoline)
4. diazoxide (Hyperstat)
Mechanism of action:diltiazem (Cardiazem)
1. phosphodiesterase inhibitor
2. blockade of calcium channels
3. α-1 receptor antagonists
4. ß-1 receptor antagonist
Mechanism of action: prazosin (Minipress)
1. α-1 receptor blocker
2. ß-receptor blocker
3. phosphodiesterase inhibitor
4. calcium channel blocker
Antihypertensive drug LEAST likely to elevate serum lipids:
1. propranolol (Inderal)
2. metoprolol (Lopressor)
3. chlorothiazide (Diuril)
4. diltiazem (Cardiazem)
An elderly male patient has essential hypertension, congestive heart failure, and type I insulin-dependent diabetes. His congestive failure developed secondary to coronary vascular disease associated with hyperlipidemia. What antihypertensive drug(s) may be most appropriate for this patient?
1. chlorothiazide (Diuril)
2. captopril (Capoten)
3. propranolol (Inderal)
4. metoprolol (Lopressor)
i.v. route of administration; few side effects; effective in treating hypertensive crisis:
1. nifedipine (Procardia, Adalat)
2. nitroprusside sodium (Nipride)
3. nicardipine (Cardene)
A patient presents with a blood pressure of 160/110 mm Hg. The patient has a history of coronary vascular disease, resulting in angina, but has no evidence of congestive heart failure. The patient also has asthma and has been treated mainly using terbutaline (Brethine), by aerosol inhalation Propranolol (Inderal) was prescribed to manage essential hypertension. Was this action appropriate?
1. Propranolol (Inderal) is appropriate because it will reduce heart rate and cardiac output. Negative inotropism will help reduce the incidence of angina. It is an effective antihypertensive agent
2. Propranolol (Inderal) is inappropriate because it is only useful in mild hypertension; a better drug would be minoxidil or hydralazine because they are more effective in lowering blood pressure
3. Propranolol (Inderal) is appropriate because it is an effective, low-cost antihypertensive. It will augment the effects of terbutaline, an additional benefit
4. Propranolol (Inderal) is inappropriate because its use is contraindicated in a patient with asthma.
Vasoconstriction, aldosterone secretion, and renin release suppression occur upon activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. How would captopril (Capoten) affect these responses?
1. blocks all three
2. blocks only vasoconstriction
3. blocks all except vasoconstriction
4. no effect
Drug intervention for acute management of aortic dissection in which the objective is to reduce shear forces generated by blood flow:
1. hydralazine (Apresoline)
2. nitroprusside sodium (Nipride)
3. nitroprusside sodium (Nipride) + propranolol (Inderal)
4. A & C
Antihypertensive: action based on inhibition of norepinephrine release from adrenergic nerve endings:
1. propranolol (Inderal)
2. guanadrel (Hylorel)
3. mecamylamine (Inversine)
4. phentolamine (Regitine)
Calcium channel blocker: vasodilation, less likely to have direct cardiac effects:
1. nifedipine (Procardia, Adalat)
2. diltiazem (Cardiazem)
Antihypertensive drugs belonging to the same class:
1. doxazosin (Cardura), prazosin (Minipress), metoprolol (Lopressor)
2. nifedipine (Procardia, Adalat), verapamil (Isoptin, Calan), diltiazem (Cardiazem)
3. clonidine (Catapres), guanabenz (Wytensin),terazosin (Hytrin)
4. lisinopril (Prinvivil, Zestril), fosinopril (Monopril), guanadrel (Hylorel)