Anesthesia Pharmacology: Anesthesia Practice Questions

Inhalational anesthetic effects on circulation will be influenced by:
1. presence of heart disease
2. control ventilation vs. spontaneous breathing
3. presence of cardioactive drugs
4. A & C
5. A, B & C
Inhalational agents--influence on circulatory systems:
1. limited effect on myocardial contractility
2. affects peripheral vascular smooth muscle tone
3. changes autonomic nervous system activity
4. B & C
5. A, B & C
Mean arterial pressure (MAP): inhalational agents --
1. dose-dependent decreases in MAP (healthy volunteers)
2. reduced MAP decrease compared to that observed with surgical stimulation
3. Mechanism of halothane (Fluothane)-mediated BP reduction: reduced systemic vascular resistance
4. A & C
5. B & C
Mechanism BP reduction: isoflurane (Forane), desflurane (Suprane), sevoflurane (Sevorane, Ultane):
1. decreased heart rate
2. decreased myocardial contractility
3. decreased systemic vascular resistance
4. decreased cardiac output
Least likely to produce a change in systemic blood pressure:
1. isoflurane (Forane)
2. enflurane (Ethrane)
3. nitrous oxide
4. halothane (Fluothane)
5. sevoflurane (Sevorane, Ultane)
Reduction in mean arterial pressure following volatile anesthetic administration due to:
1. direct pharmacological effects
2. reduced sympathetic activation cause by preoperative anxiety
3. both
4. neither
Inhalational agent least likely to increase heart rate in healthy individuals
1. isoflurane (Forane)
2. halothane (Fluothane)
3. desflurane (Suprane)
4. sevoflurane (Sevorane, Ultane)
Isoflurane (Forane)-mediated increase in heart rate prevented by preoperative (just before induction) administration of:
1. atropine
2. fentanyl (Sublimaze)
3. morphine
4. B & C
5. A, B & C
Isoflurane (Forane) and blood pressure:
1. neonates: increase blood-pressure, increased heart rate
2. elderly patients: reduced heart rate responses
3. younger patients: reduced heart rate
Inhalational agent most likely to cause dose-dependent decrease in cardiac output {normal volunteer}
1. desflurane (Suprane)
2. isoflurane (Forane)
3. halothane (Fluothane)
Inhalational agent least likely to affect systemic vascular resistance in normal volunteers
1. isoflurane (Forane)
2. halothane (Fluothane)
3. desflurane (Suprane)
4. sevoflurane (Sevorane, Ultane)
Mechanism(s) of isoflurane (Forane)-mediated reduction in systemic vascular resistance:
1. increased cutaneous blood flow
2. increased skeletal muscle blood flow
3. both
4. neither
Administration of a volatile anesthetic for longer than five hours results in the recovery from cardiac depressing effects:
1. true
2. false