Anesthesia Pharmacology Chapter 29 Diabetes Management Practice Questions

Concerning glycemic control target levels:
1. Diabetes mellitus complications are related to glycemic control.
2. Usually in diabetes, normoglycemia or near-normoglycemia is typically an attainable goal for most patients.
3. Both
4. Neither
Improvement of blood glucose control, without regard for the level of hyperglycemia, results in reduced diabetes-specific complication risk.
1. True
2. False
Improvement in glycemic control in the diabetic patient will have particularly beneficial effects in limiting microvascular complications.
1. True
2. Falls
Concerning target goals in managing diabetes mellitus:
1. The principal objective is to obtain an HbA1c level as close to normal without inducing significant hypoglycemia.
2. Usually, the target HbA1c is less than 7% or less than 6.5% in certain patients.
3. Both
4. Neither
Higher HbA1c levels (e.g. 7.5 or 8%):
1. May be appropriate in those patients with reduced hypoglycemia awareness.
2. May be appropriate in very young patients or older patients with reduced lifespan or with comorbidities.
3. Both
4. Neither
Glycemic control with HbA1c less than or equal to 6% is particularly beneficial in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with a concurrent high risk of cardiovascular disease
1. True
2. False
Which one/ones of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Early in the course of type 2 diabetes, when cardiovascular disease risk is reduced, better glycemic control appears associated with improved cardiovascular results over time.
2. In patients with type II diabetes exhibiting cardiovascular disease or presenting with high-risk of cardiovascular disease, aggressive glycemic control may be deleterious.
3. In elderly diabetic patients with cardiovascular disease, the likelihood of inducing hypoglycemia should be reduced.
4. A & B
5. B & C
6. A & C
7. A, B & C
Approach/Approaches for treating type I diabetes mellitus for the purpose of attaining near-normoglycemia may involve:
1. Intensive insulin treatment
2. Thorough, continuing patient education
3. Documentation of plasma glucose levels and patients nutritional intake
4. All of the above (A, B, C)
Benefits/benefits of combining intensive insulin treatment with enhanced glycemic control:
1. Reduced likelihood of acute metabolic diabetes mellitus complication
2. Reduce likelihood of chronic microvascular complications often associated with diabetes mellitus.
3. Both
4. Neither
"Intensive insulin therapy prior to and during pregnancy reduces the risk of fetal malformations and morbidity."
1. True
2. False