Anesthesia Pharmacology:
Diabetes Management Practice Questions
Click on the correct answer.
This/these drug category/categories refer to drugs that act as secretogogues, stimulating insulin release:
Sulfonylureas
Meglitinides
Both
Either
All of the following agents are classified as 2nd generation hypoglycemic sulfonylureas EXCEPT:
Glimepiride (Amaryl)
Tolbutamide (Orinase)
Glipizide (Glucotrol)
Glyburide (Glynase)
Sulfonylureas:
Stimulates insulin release by inhibiting a Beta-cell potassium channel.
Inhibiting this potassium channel depolarizes the cell which promotes calcium ion influx and insulin release.
Both
Neither
Acute and chronic sulfonylurea administration and blood glucose levels.
Acute sulfonylurea administration to manage type II diabetes increases pancreas insulin release.
With chronic sulfonylurea administration, insulin levels return to the pre-treatment state; however, plasma glucose levels are retained.
Both
Neither
Sulfonylureas:
Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract although food may reduce absorption.
Suitable for once daily administration.
Metabolized by the liver.
A & B
B & C
A & C
A, B & C
If the patient exhibits hepatic or renal insufficiency, sulfonylureas should be used cautiously.
True
False
Concerning the use of sulfonylureas in treating hyperglycemia in patients with type II diabetes:
In appropriately identified patients, the response to sulfonylureas ranges between 50% and 80%.
Most patients who initially respond to sulfonylureas can be expected to remain responsive indefinitely.
Both
Neither
Sulfonylurea adverse effect/effects:
Hypoglycemia
Weight gain
Both
Neither
Although unusual, some patients treated with sulfonylureas develop and "alcohol -induced flush" similar to that associated with disulfiram or hyponatremia.
True
False
Although not a sulfonylurea, the meglitinide, repaglinide (Prandin) stimulates insulin release by the same mechanism as a sulfonylureas.