Anesthesia Pharmacology: Pulmonary Pharmacology Practice Questions
Choose the correct answer for each question.
Higher endothelin levels are associated with which one(s) of the following
Increased mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP)
Increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)
Both
Neither
Elevated endothelin levels are associated with which one(s) of the following?
Reduced cardiac output
Reduced 6 minute walk distance (6MWD)
Both
Neither
Endothelin receptor antagonist inhibit endothelin-1 (ET-1) binding to endothelin receptor ET-A) and/or endothelin receptor B (ET-B).
True
False
Endothelin receptor A (ET-A) is mainly found on pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Activation of these receptors induced vasoconstriction.
True
False
Normally, endothelin receptor B (ET-B) are localized on endothelial cells.
True
False
Factor/factors associated with endothelin receptor B mediated vasodilation:
Increased endothelin-1 clearance
Increased prostacyclin synthesis
Increased nitric oxide levels
A & B
B & C
A & C
A, B & C
Choose (the) endothelin receptor antagonist(s) from the following:
Macitentan (Opsumit)
Bosentan (Tracleer)
Ambrisentan (Letairis)
A & B
B& C
A & C
A, B & C
This agent is a selective endothelin receptor A (ET-A) antagonist.
Bosentan
Ambrisentan
Macitentan
Bosentan and macitentan represent nonselective endothelin receptor blockers.
True
False
Choose (the) correct statement(s) from the following:
Sildenafil is an example of a phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitor used in treating pulmonary hypertension.
Tadalafil is a phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitor used in treating pulmonary hypertension.
Ricociguat Is an oral soluble guanylyl cyclase stimulator that may be used for treating pulmonary hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension CTEPH)