Middle aged patient underwent thoracic surgery; Previous medical history indicated a serum creatinine of 1.5 mg/dL (0.6-1.3) and a BUN of 25 mg/dL (7-20). The patient had been taking an ACE inhibitor for treatment of mild hypertension and exhibited grade II retinopathy. It was noted in the surgical ICU that the patient had a urine output of 40 mL/hr. By the following morning, urine output had decreased to 15 mL/h, meeting criteria for oligouria. The patient was euvolemic and drug treatment was started. Diuretic agent(s) include(s):

Acetazolamide (Diamox)

DECREASING diuretic efficiency

Diuretic least likely to produce hypokalemia:

A patient with Type I diabetes presents with significant water retention and pulmonary congestion. Serum creatinine, BUN and potassium were significantly elevated. The diagnosis was advanced renal failure. A diuretic was given to treat water retention, but shortly thereafter the patient exhibited cardiac conduction changes which progressed to heart block and cardiac arrest. The diuretic which was determined to cause this event was probably:

Osmotic diuretic

Diuretic acting primarily on the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle:

Diuretic that may be used to treat epilepsy, acute mountain sickness and open-angle glaucoma