Medical Pharmacology Chapter 36: Antiviral Drugs
Viral Capsid and Core Proteins
Viral core proteins facilitate viral DNA packaging by neutralizing negative charges associated with DNA phosphate groups.1
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Cellular histones have been identified in polyomaviruses and papillomaviruses as agents that facilitate DNA condensation.1
This DNA-protein complex appear similar to cellular chromatin.
Adenoviruses and herpesviruses, other DNA viruses, code for histone-like proteins.1
In the case of adenovirus, adenovirus protein VII has been identified as a major protein element of the viral nucleoprotein core.2
About 1000 copies of this basic protein is associated with each viral genome, facilitating formation of the tightly condensed DNA-protein unit.2
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Moreover, some viruses utilize cellular polyamines (e.g. spermidine) to neutralize phosphate group DNA charge thus favoring nucleic acid condensation.1
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