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Cardiovascular, Case 0119 — Antiplatelet Therapy

Dual Antiplatelet Therapy for a Bioresorbable Scaffold, Two Years In

A single patient carrying a coronary device few cardiologists still implant, whose antiplatelet duration question has no dedicated guideline written for exactly her situation.

Abbreviations, terms, and other agents mentioned in this case DAPT — dual antiplatelet therapy  ·  LAD — left anterior descending coronary artery
Presentation

L.G., a 49-year-old woman, owns and runs a small ceramics studio, spending most of her working hours at a wheel or a kiln — hand-intensive work she's built her life around since leaving a corporate job in her thirties. Two years ago, while completing an extended teaching residency abroad, a focal blockage in her left anterior descending artery was treated with a bioresorbable vascular scaffold, a device designed to fully dissolve over roughly three years rather than remain as permanent metal. The scaffold she received is a current-generation device still implanted in a handful of markets outside the United States; the first-generation everolimus-eluting scaffold that generated nearly all the published trial data was withdrawn worldwide in 2017.

She has been on aspirin and clopidogrel continuously since, with no bleeding complications and no recurrent chest pain. She has now returned home and is establishing care with a new cardiologist, who is reviewing her records for the first time and has to decide what her records don't clearly answer: whether to continue dual antiplatelet therapy toward her scaffold's three-year resorption mark, or step down to aspirin alone now, at two years, matching the shorter duration typically used after a conventional metal drug-eluting stent.

The device's design is the whole reason this question doesn't map cleanly onto standard drug-eluting stent guidance: a metal stent is a permanent, biologically inert scaffold once endothelium covers it, while a bioresorbable scaffold is deliberately engineered to lose mechanical integrity and dissolve over roughly three years, meaning the vessel wall is doing something structurally different at two years post-implant than it would be with a metal device at the same timepoint. Whether that structural difference actually translates into a meaningfully different late thrombosis risk is the exact question the pooled analysis couldn't fully answer — and it was answering it for a different, earlier scaffold than hers.

L.G. · 49 New to practice
History
Bioresorbable vascular scaffold to LAD, 2 years ago (placed abroad)
Current therapy
Aspirin, clopidogrel, and high-intensity statin, continuous since implant
Bleeding history
None
Angina
None recurrent since implant
Device design
Full resorption expected ≈ 3 years
Dedicated guidance
No guideline specific to this device’s late-window DAPT duration

Two years into a scaffold few devices like it remain in use

Interventional Cardiologist Opening

I'd continue dual antiplatelet therapy through the three-year mark, not the shorter duration used for conventional stents. This device isn't behaving like a normal post-stent vessel until it's fully resorbed — the first-generation scaffold showed a higher rate of thrombosis specifically between one and three years compared to metal drug-eluting stents, and until any such scaffold is gone, the mechanism behind that elevated risk hasn't gone away either.

Clinical Pharmacologist Response

I want to name the data honestly, because it doesn't clearly support that. The individual-patient pooled analysis of the ABSORB trials — nearly three thousand patients across four randomized trials and a registry — found dual antiplatelet therapy strongly protective in the first year, with no apparent added ischemic benefit for continuing it between one and three years — while bleeding risk keeps accumulating the longer it continues. Two years of uninterrupted dual therapy is already a substantial exposure for a patient with no recurrent symptoms.

I take the mechanistic argument seriously — I just don't think it's been demonstrated in the actual trial data, and I'd rather be explicit that we're choosing to extend therapy on a plausible mechanism rather than a proven benefit, if that's the direction this goes.

Interventional Cardiologist Final

I'd accept that framing. Bioresorbable scaffolds are far enough out of routine use now that there's no dedicated guideline addressing a patient two years into one, and the trial data we're arguing over describes an earlier device than hers, and the honest answer is that we're extending her therapy on a device-specific rationale the trial data doesn't fully back, not on a settled evidence base — and I think she deserves to hear it explained exactly that way rather than presented as more certain than it is.

Regimen selected
Aspirin — Continued
Antiplatelet · Already established
Continued unchanged as the backbone of her antiplatelet regimen regardless of the clopidogrel duration decision.
Atorvastatin — Continued
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor · 80mg daily, established
High-intensity statin therapy continues unchanged as post-PCI secondary prevention; not part of the duration question, and not altered by it.
Clopidogrel (extended to 3-year mark)
P2Y12 Inhibitor · Continued rather than stopped at 2 years
Continued specifically on device-specific mechanistic reasoning about the scaffold's incomplete resorption, acknowledged as extending beyond what pooled trial data directly supports.
Clopidogrel Discontinuation at 2 Years — Considered, Not Adopted
P2Y12 Inhibitor · Alternative, declined
The pooled-trial-supported option; not chosen given the team's judgment that this device's incomplete resorption at two years warrants extending beyond what a conventional stent's DAPT duration would call for.
Prasugrel / Ticagrelor — Ruled Out
P2Y12 Inhibitor · Considered, not adopted
Not favored as a substitute for clopidogrel; the disagreement in this case is about duration, not about switching to a more potent antiplatelet agent.
Where this was left

Dual antiplatelet therapy continued, with an explicit plan to stop clopidogrel at the three-year full-resorption mark rather than continue indefinitely. The reasoning — mechanistic, not trial-proven — was explained to her directly.

If she reaches three years without bleeding or ischemic events

Clopidogrel is stopped as planned, and she continues on aspirin alone going forward.

If a bleeding event occurs before the three-year mark

The team's own acknowledgment that this extension isn't trial-supported becomes directly relevant to reconsidering it early.

The pharmacologist's objection was never fully answered by the data, because the data doesn't fully answer it — the team proceeded anyway, but chose to say so plainly rather than let a mechanistic judgment call be mistaken for settled evidence.

Educational content only — a composite teaching case, not a real patient encounter or a substitute for clinical guidance. About These Cases →