CD80: Cluster of differentiation 80
(a.k.a. B7. 1)
CD86: Cluster of differentiation 86
a.k.a. B7–2)
CD28: Cluster of differentiation 28
(receptor for CD80 and CD86 proteins)
CTLA-4: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte
associated protein 4 (a.k.a. CD152).
Click on the correct answer.
Belatacept (Nulojix):
Developed as result of fusion of CTLA4 (Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4) with the Fc constant region of human immunoglobulin (Fcγ).
Inhibits APC (antigen presenting cells) of T-cell CD28 (Cluster of Differentiation 28), expressed on T cells providing co-stimulatory signals necessary for activation as well as T-cell survival.
Both
Neither
T-lymphocyte immune responses requires:
Antigen-specific signals mediated by T cell receptors
Costimulatory signals involving "costimulatory" ligands (CD80 and CD86) and CD28 on T cells.
Both
Neither
Belatacept blocks interaction of costimulatory ligands (CD80) with T-cell CD28. This interaction describes signal 2 needed for specific T-lymphocyte immune responses.
True
False
Belatacept (Nulojix): is classified as a selective co-stimulation blocker.
True
False
Belatacept:
Structurally similar to another costimulation inhibitor, abatacept (Orencia).
Comparably effective to cyclosporine,
belatacept inhibits acute kidney transplant rejection.
Both
Neither
Belatacept has been approved for use as an immunosuppressant in kidney transplant patients testing positive for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).
True
False
Belatacept:
First IV maintenance treatment used in solid-organ transplantation settings.
With typical dose ranges, belatacept exhibits first-order elimination pharmacokinetics.
Both
Neither
Belatacept:
FDA approval: prophylaxis in adult kidney transplant settings
In kidney transplant settings:
belatacept is administered in combination with basiliximab (Simulect), mycophenylate mofetil, and corticosteroids.
Both
Neither
In the renal transplant setting: use of belatacept in patients seronegative
for Epstein-Barr virus results in an elevated posttransplant lymphoproliferative
disorder risk.
True
False
Belatacept:
Monoclonal antibody
A chimeric antibody (mouse/human): produced using recombinant DNA techniques.
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Source Material:
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Immunosuppressants, Immunomodulation and Tolerance In
Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics
(Brunton LL Knollman BC eds) McGraw Hill LLC (2023).
Mohan K Colbert G Landmark Trials of
Belatacept in Kidney Transplantation. Landmark Nephrology,
July 27, 2019 (Renal Fellow Network) https://www.renalfellow.org/2019/07/27/landmark-trials-of-belatacept-in-kidney-transplantation/.
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