Question # 1 (Multiple Choice) Relapse rate for do although ulcer following monotherapy treatment with H2 receptor blockers:

A) 95 %
B) 75%
C) 50%
D) 15%
E) 5%

Question # 2 (Multiple Answer) Physiological stimulation gastric acid secretion -- phases associated with food intake:

A) cephalic phase
B) gastric phase
C) intestinal phase

Question # 3 (Multiple Answer) Physiological/pathophysiological effects of Helicobacter pylori:

A) proinflammatory
B) degradation of glycoprotein-lipid mucus layer complexes
C) production of damaging bacterial proteins
D) causes active, chronic gastritis

Question # 4 (Multiple Choice) Acid secretion phase, following food intake, defined by stimulation of mechanical and chemical gastric wall receptors by luminal contents:

A) cephalic phase
B) gastric phase
C) intestinal phase

Question # 5 (Multiple Choice) Mechanism(s) by which somatostatin reduces gastrin release:

A) inhibits parietal cells accretion
B) inhibits histamine release by enterochromaffin-like cells
C) both
D) neither

Question # 6 (Multiple Choice) Positive factor: Zollinger-Ellison syndrome --

A) Helicobacter pylori
B) gastrin-secreting islet cell tumor
C) both
D) neither

Question # 7 (Multiple Choice) Pathogenic factor(s) in duodenal ulcer:

A) COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
B) genetic factor
C) cigarette smoking
D) alcoholic cirrhosis
E) all of the above

Question # 8 (Multiple Answer) Example(s) of "protective factor(s)" in peptic ulcer disease:

A) gastric mucus
B) prostaglandins
C) pepsins
D) bicarbonate
E) Helicobacter pylori

Question # 9 (True/False) There exists a direct correlation between pepsinogen I serum concentrations and maximal gastric acid secretion:

A) true
B) false

Question # 10 (Multiple Choice) Peptic ulcer classification:

A) duodenal
B) gastric
C) both
D) neither

Question # 11 (Multiple Answer) Characteristic(s) of gastric mucosal acid secretion:

A) oxidative dephosphorylation dependent
B) from parietal cells founded in mucosal glands of fundusof the stomach
C) stimulated by muscarinic cholinergic system (parietal cell innervation)
D) most potent stimulant -- histamine direct action

Question # 12 (Multiple Answer) Activation of these/this receptor(s) on basolateral parietal cells inhibit(s) gastric acid secretion

A) histamine
B) gastrin
C) prostaglandins
D) acetylcholine

Question # 13 (Multiple Choice) Relapse rate for duodenalulcer following H. pylori eradication:

A) 90%
B) 75%
C) 50%
D) 15%
E) 5%

Question # 14 (Multiple Answer) Histamine and gastric acid secretion:

A) released from enterochromaffin-like cells
B) release enhanced by increased cholinergic activity
C) most important gastric acid secretion stimulant

Question # 15 (Multiple Answer) Inhibition of basal acid secretion:

A) cimetidine (Tagamet)
B) histamine
C) nizatidine (Axid)
D) ranitidine (Zantac)
E) famotidine (Pepcid)

Question # 16 (Multiple Choice) Location(s) of histamine in gastric mucosa:

A) enterochromaffin-like cells (ECL)
B) mast cell cytoplasmic granules
C) both
D) neither

Question # 17 (Multiple Choice) Ranitidine (Zantac) and gastric acid secretion:

A) inhibits basal acid secretion
B) inhibits secretion in response to vagal stimulation or feeding
C) both
D) neither

Question # 18 (Multiple Choice) Example(s) of "aggressive factors" in peptic ulcer disease:

A) gastric acid
B) pepsin
C) both
D) neither

Question # 19 (Multiple Answer) Increased incidence of duodenal ulcer associated with:

A) chronic renal failure
B) alcoholic cirrhosis
C) renal transplantation
D) systemic mastocytosis
E) hyperparathyroidism

Question # 20 (Multiple Answer) Basolateral parietal cell membranes contained these receptor types:

A) gastrin
B) acetylcholine
C) prostaglandins
D) histamine