Aminoglycosides: Guided Practice Set #1

Topical use:
1. neomycin
2. penicillin
3. kanamycin (Kantrex)
4. streptomycin
route of administration: gentamicin (Garamycin)
1. oral
2. parenteral
3. both
4. neither
Glomerular filtration:
1. aspirin
2. cephalothin (Keflin)
3. penicillin
4. streptomycin
Patients with impaired renal function may suffer toxicity due to high tissue concentrations:
1. streptomycin
2. gentamicin (Garamycin)
3. both
4. neither
Mechanism of bacteriocidal action: kanamycin (Kantrex)
1. blocks cell wall synthesis
2. inhibits protein synthesis
3. folic acid synthesis inhibitor
4. nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor
Neuromuscular blockade at high dosages:
1. amikacin (Amikin)
2. penicillin G
3. amphotericin B (Fungizone, Amphotec) been
4. cefotaxime (Claforan)
Nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity:
1. streptomycin
2. gentamicin (Garamycin)
3. kanamycin (Kantrex)
4. all of the above
Pseudomonas strains resistant to carbenicillin may be sensitive to:
1. penicillin G
2. kanamycin (Kantrex)
3. tobramycin (Nebcin)
4. clindamycin (Cleocin)
Management of pseudomonal infections:
1. mezlocillin + aminoglycoside
2. aztreonam (Azactan) + aminoglycoside
3. ceftazidime (Fortax, Taxidime, Tazicef) + aminoglycoside
4. all of the above
Gentamicin (Garamycin) should NOT be used:
1. to treat sepsis caused by gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas.
2. in combination with Penicillin G for endocarditis due to viridans streptococci
3. as a single agent to treat staphylococcal infections.
4. in combination with cephalosporin in immunocompromised patients.
Semisynthetic derivative of kanamycin: less toxin than kanamycin; may be effective against organisms resistant to gentamicin and tobramycin.
1. streptomycin
2. amikacin (Amikin)
3. neomycin
4. doxycycline (Vibramycin, Doryx)
Main use: second-line treatment of tuberculosis
1. penicillin
2. streptomycin
3. gentamicin (Garamycin)
4. tobramycin (Nebcin)
combination of this drug with an aminoglycoside may increase likelihood of nephrotoxicity:
1. bumetanide (Bumex)
2. vancomycin (Vancocin)
3. both
4. neither
Reason(s) that favor combination of an aminoglycoside with a beta-lactam antibiotic:
1. advantage in extending coverage to potentially present gram-positive pathogens
2. drug classes are synergistic
3. both
4. neither
Aminoglycosides
1. time-dependent killing
2. concentration dependent killing
3. both
4. neither