First-line the defense against antigenic insult

Adaptive Immune Response(s):

Generation of specific immunity requires antigen-presenting cells, APCs, including:

Produced by TH1 subsets of T helper lymphocytes:

Typically associated with B cell proliferation and differentiation into antibody-secreting plasma cells

T helper lymphocytes -- regulate each other; this substance produced by TH1cells inhibits TH2 cellular proliferation:

Extracellular bacteria promote elaboration of:

Intracellular organisms (e.g. Mycobacterium) promote production of:

Activated cytotoxic T cells induce target cell death (virus-infected cells) by:

Hypersensitivity: cross-linking of membrane-bound IgE on blood basophils or tissue mast cells by antigen

Hemolytic disease of the newborn:

Associated with elevated levels of antigen-antibody complexes, which cause tissue damage; complement activation results in anaphylatoxic and chemotactic activities:

Administration of penicillin to allergic patients:

Effective in eliminating infections caused by intracellular pathogens such as Leishmania species:

Examples of autoimmune diseases