Anesthesia Pharmacology Practice Questions: Coronary Artery Disease and Angina

Secondary prevention approaches that appear relevant in managing coronary artery disease and intern some of his symptoms, such as angina involve aggressive lipid management with the target LDL cholesterol of <175 mg/dL for all ischemic heart disease patients.
1. True
2. False
High-dose atorvastatin treatment may lead to a relative risk reduction on the order of 20% using primary endpoints of death from ischemic heart disease, stroke, or nonfatal myocardial infarction.
1. True
2. False
Some patients exhibit angina which is unsuccessfully managed either by conventional medical or surgical (revascularization) approaches. Alternative "less traditional" treatment in patients with refractory angina include(s):
1. Spinal cord stimulation
2. Enhanced external counterpulsation
3. Both
4. Neither
Contraindication(s) for applying enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) include/includes:
1. Aortic regurgitation
2. Severe hypertension
3. Revascularization recently performed
4. A & B
5. B & C
6. A, B & C
Angina may present even in the presence of normal-appearing epicardial coronary vasculature. Which one(s) of the following circumstance/circumstances may be applicable in this case?
1. Microvascular circulation pathology
2. Abnormal, inadequate and intramyocardial blood perfusion
3. Endothelial-dependent and-independent signaling causing pathological coronary vascular reactivity.
4. A & B
5. A & C
6. A, B & C
A positive association relating impaired coronary vascular reactivity with abnormal functional capacity has been shown.
1. True
2. False
Which statement(s) concerning angina is/are correct?
1. Angina pectoris should be considered a common symptom in the US, given that it may affect more than 9 million Americans.
2. Angina may be classified as stable-no change over many years-or unstable with increasing severity or frequency and may even occur at rest.
3. With variant angina, localized or even diffuse vasospasm of coronary arteries presenting episodically decrease coronary vascular flow.
4. All of the above are true
Concerning patients with unstable angina:
1. Atherosclerotic plaque rupture may reduce coronary blood flow given associated platelet adhesion and aggregation in the region
2. Atherosclerotic plaque rupture may lead to complete blockage of blood flow due to localized thrombosis.
3. Both
4. Neither
ECG, echocardiographic, or radionuclide evidence of ischemia may be noted in the absence of clinical symptoms. This presentation describes myocardial ischemia as "silent."
1. True
2. False
Antianginal drugs may be used in either a prophylactic setting, preventing angina from occurring, orto manage anginal symptoms.
1. True
2. False