Anesthesia Pharmacology Practice Questions: Opioid Analgesics

Side effect(s) associated with chronic methadone therapy:
1. Peripheral edema
2. Reduced sweating
3. Constipation
4. A & B
5. A & C
6. A, B & C
Faster acting when given subcutaneously:
1. Morphine
2. Fentanyl
3. Neither: they act equally fast following subcutaneous administration.
The principal metabolic pathway associated with morphine metabolism is conjugation (phase II metabolism)
1. True
2. False
Associated with renal dysfunction is morphine-6-glucuronide accumulation.
1. True
2. False
Choose correct statement(s) concerning morphine excretion.
1. Morphine, principally as morphine-3-glucuronide, is eliminated by renal glomerular filtration.
2. Most of the morphine dose is excreted unchanged.
3. Both
4. Neither
Due to substantial first-pass hepatic metabolism, most opioids are less effective at a given dose when administered orally compared to parenterally.
1. True
2. False
Which one(s) of the following is/are correct concerning codeine pharmacology?
1. Codeine has high affinity for opioid receptors.
2. Analgesic effects associated with codeine occurs because of its conversion of morphine.
3. Both
4. Neither
Conversion of codeine to morphine occurs by means of the cytochrome P450 liver microsomal enzyme system.
1. True
2. False
Choose the correct statement(s) concerning opioid analgesic elimination.
1. Opioid analgesics are hepatically metabolized and should be used with caution in patients with liver disease.
2. Pharmacokinetics of some opioids,such as morphine, codeine, dihydrocodeine, meperidine and propoxyphene may be significantly affected by renal disease.
3. Both
4. Neither
Hydromorphone or morphine rectal suppositories may be used if oral and parenteral routes are viewed inappropriate in a given patient.
1. True
2. False