Most sensitive to the antiviral actions of acyclovir
HSV (Herpes simplex virus)
VSV (Varicella zoster virus)
CMV (cytomegalovirus)
Most strains of this virus are resistant to acyclovir:
HSV (Herpes simplex virus
CMV (Cytomegalovirus)
VZV (Varicella zoster virus)
Acyclovir:
High therapeutic index (toxic dose /effective dose)
High selectivity
Both
Neither
Acyclovir toxicity more likely associated with
which one/ones of the following:
When given in the setting of renal insufficiency.
High-dose IV administration for particularly serious infection treatment.
Both
Neither
Acyclovir activation necessitates three separate phosphorylation steps.
True
False
Acyclovir selectivity (only viral-infected cells are sensitive) is principally due to the first phosphorylation step being catalyzed by a virus-associated thymidine kinase.
True
False
Mechanism/mechanisms accounting for acyclovir triphosphate inhibition of viral DNA synthesis:
"Competition with deoxyGTP for viral DNA polymerase."
Chain termination subsequent to viral DNA incorporation of acyclovir triphosphate.
Both
Neither
Mycophenylate mofetil, an immunosuppressive drug:
Potentiates acyclovir antiherpes effectiveness.
Depletes intracellular dGDP.
Both
Neither
Acyclovir is likely the drug that resulted in antivirals being considered safe and effective by the general medical establishment.
(Li JZ Coen DM Chapter 38 Pharmacology of
Viral Infections in Principles of Pharmacology:
The Pathophysiologic Basis of Drug Therapy 4e (Golan DE
Armstong EJ Armstrong AW, eds) Wolters Kluwer 2017)
True
False
Acyclovir (Zovirax) is considered the drug of first-choice for most infections due to herpes simplex virus and Varicella zoster virus.
(Burchum JR Rosenthal LD Chapter 97
Antiviral Agents I: Drugs for Non-HIV Viral Infections
in Lehne's Pharmacology for Nursing Care Elsevier 2022)
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Source Material:
Acosta EP Chapter 62 Antiviral Agents (Nonretroviral)
in Goodman & Gilman's: The Pharmcological
Basis of Therapeutics, 14e, (Brunton LL Knollmann BC eds) McGraw-Hill Education, 2023.
Safrin S Chapter 49 Antiviral Agents
in Basic & Clinical Pharmacology (Katzung BG, Editor; Vanderah
TW, Associate editor) 15e McGraw Hill 2021.
Li JZ Coen DM Chapter 38 Pharmacology of
Viral Infections in Principles of Pharmacology:
The Pathophysiologic Basis of Drug Therapy 4e (Golan DE
Armstong EJ Armstrong AW, eds) Wolters Kluwer 2017.
Waller DB Sampson AP Section 11
Chemotherapy in Medical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Elsevier 2018.
Burchum JR Rosenthal LD Chapter 97
Antiviral Agents I: Drugs for Non-HIV Viral Infections
in Lehne's Pharmacology for Nursing Care Elsevier 2022.
Waller DB Sampson AP Section 11: Chapter
51
Chemotherapy of infections in Medical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Elsevier 2018.
Benavides S Bahal O'Mara N Nahata MC
Chapter 79 Viral Infections in Applied Therapeutics:
The Clinical Use of Drugs (Zeind C, Carvalho MG Cheng JW
Zaiken K Lapointe T, eds} Wolters Kluwer, 2024.
