Medical Pharmacology: Antiviral Drug Practice Questions
Click on the correct answer.
SARS-CoV-2:
Refers to a SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)
Causes COVID-19 (CO, Corona; VI, virus; and D, disease)
Both
Neither
SARS-CoV-2 is classified as belonging to the ß-coronavirus family.
True
False
This agent is the FDA-approved single, small-molecule treatment for SARS-CoV-2.
Oseltamivir
Remdesivir
Lopinavir
Saquanavir
Remdesivir has exhibited a positive safety profile in the targeted population,
a conclusion based on all clinical trials so far.
True
False
Remdesivir (Veklury):
Inhibits RNA -dependent DNA polymerase.
A prodrug which must be phosphorylated to the active form, remdesivir triphosphate
and ultimately remdesivir monophosphate.
Both
Neither
The ultimate active remdesivir derivative, remdesivir monophosphate:
Incorporates into RNA during its synthesis and causes termination of RNA chain elongation.
Substitutions in the RNA -dependent RNA polymerase may result in reduced drug susceptibility (cell culture model).
Both
Neither
Remdesivir excretion:
Remdesivir
undergoes substantial (80%) hepatic metabolism by carboxylesterase 1 and to a lesser degree (10%) by cathepsin A and by the CYP3A cytochrome P450 isoform.
Remdesivir is mainly eliminated in the urine as a nucleoside metabolite.
Both
Neither
Remdesivir:
Administered by the IV route of administration.
Indications include adult and pediatric patients (greater than 12 years of age; weighing at least 40 kg)
Both
Neither
Based on numerous clinical trials, remdesivir exhibits marginal clinical benefit in those patients classified as having moderate to severe COVID-19 disease.
True
False
Common but considered nonserious adverse effects following remdesivir administration include reduced hemoglobin, decreased glomerular filtration rates, and hyperglycemia among others. The incidence of these adverse effects appear comparable between remdesivir-treated patients and those receiving a placebo.
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Source Material:
Acosta EP Chapter 62 Antiviral Agents (Nonretroviral)
in Goodman & Gilman's: The Pharmcological
Basis of Therapeutics, 14e, (Brunton LL Knollmann BC eds) McGraw-Hill Education, 2023.
Safrin S Chapter 49 Antiviral Agents in
Basic & Clinical Pharmacology (Katzung BG, Editor;
Vanderah TW, Associate editor) 15e McGraw Hill 2021.
Li JZ Coen DM Chapter 38 Pharmacology of
Viral Infections in Principles of Pharmacology:
The Pathophysiologic Basis of Drug Therapy 4e (Golan DE
Armstong EJ Armstrong AW, eds) Wolters Kluwer 2017.
Waller DB Sampson AP Section 11
Chemotherapy in Medical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Elsevier 2018.
Burchum JR Rosenthal LD Chapter 97
Antiviral Agents I: Drugs for Non-HIV Viral Infections
in Lehne's Pharmacology for Nursing Care Elsevier 2022.
Waller DB Sampson AP Section 11: Chapter
51
Chemotherapy of infections in Medical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Elsevier 2018.
Benavides S Bahal O'Mara N Nahata MC
Chapter 79 Viral Infections in Applied Therapeutics:
The Clinical Use of Drugs (Zeind C, Carvalho MG Cheng JW
Zaiken K Lapointe T, eds) Wolters Kluwer, 2024.
Davanathan AS Symonds AE Adams JL
Cottrell ML Chapter 76 Pharmacotherapy of Human
Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
in Applied
Therapeutics: The Clinical Use of Drugs (Zeind C, Carvalho MG Cheng JW
Zaiken K Lapointe T, eds) Wolters Kluwer, 2024.
