Medical Pharmacology: Antiviral Drug Practice Questions
Click on the correct answer.
Paxlovid is a combination agent consisting of ritonavir and oseltamivir.
True
False
Paxlovid contains both of SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibitor and an HIV-1 protease inhibitor (CYP3A inhibitor)
True
False
The active paxlovid ingredient
defined as the SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibitor.
Ritonavir
Lamivudine
Nirmatelvir
Simeprevir
Approved clinical use/uses of paxlovid:
Appropriate as pre-exposure prophylaxis, aiding in prevention of COVID-19.
Appropriate as post-exposure prophylaxis, aiding in preventing COVID-19.
Appropriate for treating mild-to-moderate COVID-19.
A & B
B & C
A & C
A, B & C
NOT including ritonavir with nirmatelvir results in which one(s) of the following consequences.
The therapeutic effect will be delayed by about one week.
Plasma levels of nirmatelvir will be too low to achieve the therapeutic effect.
Both
Neither
Concerning the paxlovid treatment course:
The five day treatment protocol should begin as soon as possible following a COVID-19 diagnosis.
The treatment course should begin within five days of the onset of symptoms.
Both
Neither
In patients exhibiting mild renal impairment, defined as an estimated GFR in the range of greater than or equal to 60 and less than 90 ml/min, a 20% reduction in Paxlovid dosage is appropriate.
True
False
With severe renal impairment, described as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of < 30 ml/min, at this time (6/2023), paxlovid
administration is not recommended.
True
False
Paxlovid:
Strong inhibitor of the cytochrome P450 isoform CYP3A.
Inhibitor of the cytochrome P450 CYP2D6.
Both
Neither
Drugs that act to induce the cytochrome P450 isoform CYP3A, resulting in elevated concentrations of CYP3A, may decrease paxlovid therapeutic efficacy by decreasing nirmatelvir and ritonavir plasma levels.
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Source Material:
Acosta EP Chapter 62 Antiviral Agents (Nonretroviral)
in Goodman & Gilman's: The Pharmcological
Basis of Therapeutics, 14e, (Brunton LL Knollmann BC eds) McGraw-Hill Education, 2023.
Safrin S Chapter 49 Antiviral Agents in
Basic & Clinical Pharmacology (Katzung BG, Editor;
Vanderah TW, Associate editor) 15e McGraw Hill 2021.
Li JZ Coen DM Chapter 38 Pharmacology of
Viral Infections in Principles of Pharmacology:
The Pathophysiologic Basis of Drug Therapy 4e (Golan DE
Armstong EJ Armstrong AW, eds) Wolters Kluwer 2017.
Waller DB Sampson AP Section 11
Chemotherapy in Medical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Elsevier 2018.
Burchum JR Rosenthal LD Chapter 97
Antiviral Agents I: Drugs for Non-HIV Viral Infections
in Lehne's Pharmacology for Nursing Care Elsevier 2022.
Waller DB Sampson AP Section 11: Chapter
51
Chemotherapy of infections in Medical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Elsevier 2018.
Benavides S Bahal O'Mara N Nahata MC
Chapter 79 Viral Infections in Applied Therapeutics:
The Clinical Use of Drugs (Zeind C, Carvalho MG Cheng JW
Zaiken K Lapointe T, eds) Wolters Kluwer, 2024.
Davanathan AS Symonds AE Adams JL
Cottrell ML Chapter 76 Pharmacotherapy of Human
Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
in Applied
Therapeutics: The Clinical Use of Drugs (Zeind C, Carvalho MG Cheng JW
Zaiken K Lapointe T, eds) Wolters Kluwer, 2024.
