Medical Pharmacology: Antiviral Drug Practice Questions

Medical Pharmacology: Antiviral Drug Practice Questions

Click on the correct answer.

Efavirenz (Sustiva):
1. Identified as the only nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) considered a "preferred agent" for treating HIV.
2. Important adverse effects includes transient CNS adverse manifestations and teratogenicity.
3. Both
4. Neither
Comparing efavirenz (Sustiva) efficacy with that of indanavir (Crixivan): the combination utilizing efavirenz in combination with zidovudine and lamivudine (NRTIs) proved at least as effective effective as the combination of indanavir with the same two NRTIs.
1. True
2. False
Efavirenz (Sustiva) is classified as a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) with antiviral activity against HIV-1. Efavirenz:
1. Should only be administered with other effective antiretroviral drugs.
2. Should not be added as an additional agent by itself to a failing protocol already being used.
3. Both
4. Neither
Efavirenz (Sustiva) approved usage:
1. In adult patients
2. In pediatric patients who are at least three months old and weigh a minimum of 3.5 kg.
3. Both
4. Neither
Efavirenz wide use because of:
1. Convenience and efficacy
2. Long-term tolerability
3. Available in a once-a-day, single tablet coformulated with other antiretrovirals.
4. A & B
5. B & C
6. A & C
7. A, B & C
Single tablet coformulation utilizing efavirenz: combination of efavirenz, tenofovir disoproxil fumerate (TDF) along with either emtricitabinea or lamivudine.
1. True
2. False
Efavirenz (Sustiva) pharmacokinetics:
1. Well absorbed from the G.I. tract
2. Increased absorption with increasing drug doses
3. Both
4. Neither
A high-fat meal increases efavirenz bioavailability by about 20%.
1. True
2. False
The once-a-day dosing associated with efavirenz depends on its extended, long elimination half-life (40-55 hours).
1. True
2. False
Probably the most important adverse effect of efavirenz is CNS manifestations:
1. About 55% of patients report CNS/psychiatric-related side effects.
2. CNS side effects tend to dissipate within the first month of treatment.
3. Both
4. Neither

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Source Material:

Acosta EP Chapter 62 Antiviral Agents (Nonretroviral) in Goodman & Gilman's: The Pharmcological Basis of Therapeutics, 14e, (Brunton LL Knollmann BC eds) McGraw-Hill Education, 2023.

Safrin S Chapter 49 Antiviral Agents in Basic & Clinical Pharmacology (Katzung BG, Editor; Vanderah TW, Associate editor) 15e McGraw Hill 2021.

Li JZ Coen DM Chapter 38 Pharmacology of Viral Infections in Principles of Pharmacology: The Pathophysiologic Basis of Drug Therapy 4e (Golan DE Armstong EJ Armstrong AW, eds) Wolters Kluwer 2017.

Waller DB Sampson AP Section 11 Chemotherapy in Medical Pharmacology & Therapeutics Elsevier 2018.

Burchum JR Rosenthal LD Chapter 97 Antiviral Agents I: Drugs for Non-HIV Viral Infections in Lehne's Pharmacology for Nursing Care Elsevier 2022.

Waller DB Sampson AP Section 11: Chapter 51 Chemotherapy of infections in Medical Pharmacology & Therapeutics Elsevier 2018.

Benavides S Bahal O'Mara N Nahata MC Chapter 79 Viral Infections in Applied Therapeutics: The Clinical Use of Drugs (Zeind C, Carvalho MG Cheng JW Zaiken K Lapointe T, eds) Wolters Kluwer, 2024.

Davanathan AS Symonds AE Adams JL Cottrell ML Chapter 76 Pharmacotherapy of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Applied Therapeutics: The Clinical Use of Drugs (Zeind C, Carvalho MG Cheng JW Zaiken K Lapointe T, eds) Wolters Kluwer, 2024.

Flexner CW Chapter 64 Antiretroviral Agents and Treatment of HIV Infection in Goodman & Gilman's: The Pharmcological Basis of Therapeutics, 14e, (Brunton LL Knollmann BC eds) McGraw-Hill Education, 2023.

Burchum JR Rosenthal LD Chapter 98 Antiviral Agents II: Drugs for HIV Infection and Related Opportunistic Infections in Lehne's Pharmacology for Nursing Care Elsevier 2022.

Woster PM Chapter 30 Drugs Used to Treat Viral Infections in Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry 8e (Roche VF Zito SW Lemke TL Williams DA, eds) Wolters Kluwer 2020.