Medical Pharmacology: Antiviral Drug Practice Questions
Click on the correct answer.
HIV protease inhibitors:
Peptide-like drugs
Inhibition of HIV aspartyl protease
Both
Neither
HIV growth cycle: concerning the
gag and the gag-pol gene products:
Polyproteins
are associated with immature viral particles.
HIV protease catalyzes conversion of these polyproteins into final structural proteins
found in the mature virus.
Both
Neither
HIV protease inhibitors stop post-translational cleavage of polyproteins into functional, mature proteins.
True
False
Require/requires intracellular activation to the active drug form:
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Protease inhibitors
Both
Neither
By contrast to the NNTRIs and in NTRIs, protease inhibitors are insensitive to viral mutations that induce resistance with other HIV antivirals.
True
False
Protease inhibitors exhibit activity against:
HIV-1
HIV-2
Both
Protease inhibitors:
HIV resistance is considered an important problem with protease inhibitors.
HIV mutant strains exhibiting resistance to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors are likely also to exhibit resistance to protease inhibitors.
Both
Neither
Concerning protease inhibitor pharmacokinetics:
Drug clearance primarily involves the cytochrome P450 hepatic drug metabolizing system (oxidation)
Nearly all protease inhibitors are mainly subject to metabolism by the CYP3A4 isoform.
Both
Neither
HIV protease inhibitors:
Most HIV protease inhibitors inhibit CYP3A4.
Combining HIV protease inhibitors with either ritonavir or cobicistat (low-dose) is useful given that these agents readily inhibit CYP3A4-mediated metabolism.
Both
Neither
Agents such as cobicistat which inhibits CYP3A4 elevates the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
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Source Material:
Acosta EP Chapter 62 Antiviral Agents (Nonretroviral)
in Goodman & Gilman's: The Pharmcological
Basis of Therapeutics, 14e, (Brunton LL Knollmann BC eds) McGraw-Hill Education, 2023.
Safrin S Chapter 49 Antiviral Agents in
Basic & Clinical Pharmacology (Katzung BG, Editor;
Vanderah TW, Associate editor) 15e McGraw Hill 2021.
Li JZ Coen DM Chapter 38 Pharmacology of
Viral Infections in Principles of Pharmacology:
The Pathophysiologic Basis of Drug Therapy 4e (Golan DE
Armstong EJ Armstrong AW, eds) Wolters Kluwer 2017.
Waller DB Sampson AP Section 11
Chemotherapy in Medical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Elsevier 2018.
Burchum JR Rosenthal LD Chapter 97
Antiviral Agents I: Drugs for Non-HIV Viral Infections
in Lehne's Pharmacology for Nursing Care Elsevier 2022.
Waller DB Sampson AP Section 11: Chapter
51
Chemotherapy of infections in Medical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Elsevier 2018.
Benavides S Bahal O'Mara N Nahata MC
Chapter 79 Viral Infections in Applied Therapeutics:
The Clinical Use of Drugs (Zeind C, Carvalho MG Cheng JW
Zaiken K Lapointe T, eds) Wolters Kluwer, 2024.
Davanathan AS Symonds AE Adams JL
Cottrell ML Chapter 76 Pharmacotherapy of Human
Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
in Applied
Therapeutics: The Clinical Use of Drugs (Zeind C, Carvalho MG Cheng JW
Zaiken K Lapointe T, eds) Wolters Kluwer, 2024.
Flexner CW Chapter 64 Antiretroviral
Agents and Treatment of HIV Infection
in Goodman &
Gilman's: The Pharmcological
Basis of Therapeutics, 14e, (Brunton LL Knollmann BC eds) McGraw-Hill Education, 2023.
Burchum JR Rosenthal LD Chapter
98
Antiviral Agents II: Drugs for HIV Infection and Related
Opportunistic Infections
in Lehne's Pharmacology for Nursing Care Elsevier 2022.
Woster PM Chapter 30 Drugs Used to Treat
Viral Infections in Foye's Principles of Medicinal
Chemistry 8e (Roche VF Zito SW Lemke TL Williams DA, eds)
Wolters Kluwer 2020.
