Medical Pharmacology: Pharmacology of Adrenergic Drugs
Choose the correct answer for each question.
Factor(s) Important in organ or cellular adrenergic responsiveness:
Relative amounts of adrenergic receptor subtypes.
Density of adrenergic receptors
Both
Neither
Norepinephrine is an effective bronchial dilator thus increasing bronchial airflow.
True
False
Receptor/receptors notably associated with blood vessel smooth muscle:
β2
β3
α
A & B
B & C
A & C
A, B & C
At low epinephrine concentration these receptors are initially and preferentially activated.
α
β2
Both equally
Neither
At relatively high epinephrine concentrations activation of these adrenergic receptors mediate the primary physiological response.
α
β
Effect(s) associated with higher concentrations of sympathomimetic amines administration, e.g. following intravenous route of administration.
Initial effect: increase in arterial blood pressure due to
α adrenergic receptor activation.
Later effect: reduction in heart rate mediated by a compensatory reflex systems activated by carotid-aortic baroreceptors.
Both
Neither
Physiological response/responses to a reduction in blood pressure, for example following a
β2 receptor activating drug administration.
Reduction in vagal (parasympathetic, cholinergic) CNS outflow to the heart.
Increase in sympathetic outflow from the CNS to the heart and vascular system.
Both
Neither
Effects of sympathetic drugs mediated by the baroreceptor mechanisms may be diminished in patients with atherosclerotic disease.
True
False
Indirect-acting sympathomimetic amines:
Taken up into synaptic, sympathetic nerve terminals.
Taken up into synaptic storage vesicles.
Both
Indirect-acting sympathomimetic amines, taken up into storage vesicles, can replace the endogenous neurotransmitter norepinephrine in the storage complex. As these indirect-acting drugs are then released, the physiological response may be, depending on the agent, reduced since the indirect-acting drug exhibits less potency compared to norepinephrine.
