Anesthesia Pharmacology: Renal Pharmacology Practice Questions
Choose the correct answer for each question.
Concerning loop diuretics (e.g. furosemide), which one(s) of the following statements is/are correct?
Furosemide exhibits some carbonic anhydrase inhibiting activity.
.Loop diuretics increase both K+ and H+ excretion.
Both
Neither
Increased K+ and H+ excretion at the distal tubule are associated with which one(s) of the following mechanisms?
Increased renin-angiotensin system activity
Nonosmotic vasopressin release
Both
Neither
Concerning Loop diuretic administration in uric acid excretion:
In the short term, loop diuretic administration tend to increase uric acid excretion.
Chronic administration of loop diuretics tend to decrease uric acid excretion.
Both
Neither
Both asymptomatic hyperuricemia and painful gout clinical presentations are frequently noted with loop diuretic administration.
True
False
Concerning renal effects of loop diuretics:
Loop diuretics increase cyclooxygenase COX-2 which is involved in prostaglandin synthesis.
Prostaglandin PGE2 decreases cell transport in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, thus influencing loop diuretic effects at that site.
Both
Neither
NSAIDs (e.g. indomethacin) reduce cyclooxygenase activity and may interfere with loop diuretic action through decreasing renal prostaglandin synthesis.
True
False
Concerning loop diuretics, e.g. furosemide, and blood flow:
Furosemide increases blood flow in the kidney.
Ethacrynic acid and furosemide decrease both pulmonary congestion and left ventricular filling pressures in the context of congestive heart failure
Both
Neither
Loop diuretic effects on peripheral vascular tone are mediated by direct action on muscarinic, cholinergic receptors associated with vascular smooth muscle.
True
False
Similar to observations of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, loop diuretics also decrease the glomerular filtration rate by increasing tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF).
