Medical Pharmacology: Antibacterial Drug Practice Questions
Trimethoprim (Prismol)
Sulfisoxazole (Truxazole,
Gantrisin Pediatric)
Click on the correct answer.
Sulfonamide drugs represent the first chemotherapeutic agent which was used generally for both prevention and cure of human bacterial infections.
True
False
Sulfanilamides:
Derivatives of para- aminobenzenesulfonamide
Congeners of PABA
Both
Neither
Organisms that are susceptible to sulfonamide antibacterial drugs:
Are unable to use exogenous folate
Folate synthesis depends on para-aminobenzoic acid
Both
Neither
Trimethoprim inhibits this enzyme in the purine/nucleic acid synthesis pathway:
Dihydropteroate synthase
Dihydrofolate reductase
Both
Neither
Sulfonamides are a competitive inhibitor of this enzyme (competing with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA))
Dihydrofolate reductase
Dihydropteroate synthase
Both
Neither
This organism is not inhibited but rather stimulated by sulfonamide antibacterial agents.
Staphylococcus
Rickettsiae
Shigella
Salmonella
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is inherently resistant to sulfonamide antibacterials:
True
False
Synergistic activity: combination of trimethoprim + sulfonamide:
True
False
Concerning use of sulfonamides in treating urinary tract infections:
Coliform bacteria represent the most likely cause of UTI and are moderately inhibited by sulfonamide antibacterials:
Resistance by
E. coli to sulfonamides is common.
Both
Neither
Sulfonamide pharmacology:
Sulfonamides are classified as bacteriocidal.
Host cellular and hormonal immunological mechanisms are needed for infection eradication.
Both
Neither
Generally, sulfonamides are well absorbed from the G.I. tract (70%-100% of an oral dose).
True
False
Sulfonamide pharmacokinetics:
Peak plasma levels: noted in 2-6 hours
The major site of absorption = stomach
Both
Neither
Sulfonamide pharmacology:
Sulfadiazine and sulfisoxazole may be effective in meningitis but due to sulfonamide-resistant organisms, these agents are seldom used for this purpose.
Sulfonamides, passing through the placenta, will reach fetal circulation.
Both
Neither
Sulfonamide metabolism:
Principally hepatic with the drug eliminated both in the unchanged form and as Metabolites.
Most of the drug will be excreted in the urine
Both
Neither
Relatively small amounts of sulfonamides may be found eliminated in the feces, bile and other secretions.
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Source Material:
MacDougall C Chapter
56: Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole,
Quinolones and Agents for Urinary Tract Infections in Goodman & Gilman's: The Pharmcological
Basis of Therapeutics, 13e, (Brunto LL Hilal-Dandan R Knollmann
BC, eds) McGraw-Hill Education, 2018.
Gruenberg K
Guglielmo BJ e1-13: Sulfonamides & Antifolate Medications in Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment (Papadakis
MA McPhee SJ Rabow MW McQuaid KR, eds) 61e McGraw Hill 2022.
Beauduy; CE Winston
LG Chapter 46: Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim, & Quinolones
in Basic & Clinical Pharmacology (Katzung BG, Editor; Vanderah
TW, Associate editor) 15e McGraw Hill 2021.
Drugs (Access
Medicine)
Gupta K Trautner BW
Chapter 135: Urinary Tract Infections, Pyelonephritis and
Prostatitis in Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 21st
Editions, Loscalzo J Fauci A Kasper D Hauser S Longo D Jameson
JL,eds) McGraw Hill LLC, 2022.
